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力扣每日一题2021/7/25

题目:字符串中的第一个唯一字符

给定一个字符串,找到它的第一个不重复的字符,并返回它的索引。如果不存在,则返回 -1。

难度:简单

示例:

s = “leetcode”
返回 0

s = “loveleetcode”
返回 2

提示:你可以假定该字符串只包含小写字母。

来源:力扣(LeetCode)
链接:https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/first-unique-character-in-a-string
著作权归领扣网络所有。商业转载请联系官方获得授权,非商业转载请注明出处。

解题思路

  1. 使用哈希表存储频数
  2. 使用哈希表存储索引
  3. 队列

解题代码

使用哈希表存储频数

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class Solution {
public int firstUniqChar(String s) {
HashMap<Character,Integer> hashMap = new HashMap<>();
char[] c = s.toCharArray();
for (int i = 0; i < c.length; i++){
hashMap.put(c[i],hashMap.getOrDefault(c[i],0) + 1);
}
for (int i = 0; i < c.length; i++){
if (hashMap.get(c[i]) == 1){
return i;
}
}
return -1;
}
}

官方解题代码

使用哈希表存储频数

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class Solution {
public int firstUniqChar(String s) {
Map<Character, Integer> frequency = new HashMap<Character, Integer>();
for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); ++i) {
char ch = s.charAt(i);
frequency.put(ch, frequency.getOrDefault(ch, 0) + 1);
}
for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); ++i) {
if (frequency.get(s.charAt(i)) == 1) {
return i;
}
}
return -1;
}
}

使用哈希表存储索引

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class Solution {
public int firstUniqChar(String s) {
Map<Character, Integer> position = new HashMap<Character, Integer>();
int n = s.length();
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
char ch = s.charAt(i);
if (position.containsKey(ch)) {
position.put(ch, -1);
} else {
position.put(ch, i);
}
}
int first = n;
for (Map.Entry<Character, Integer> entry : position.entrySet()) {
int pos = entry.getValue();
if (pos != -1 && pos < first) {
first = pos;
}
}
if (first == n) {
first = -1;
}
return first;
}
}

队列

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class Solution {
public int firstUniqChar(String s) {
Map<Character, Integer> position = new HashMap<Character, Integer>();
Queue<Pair> queue = new LinkedList<Pair>();
int n = s.length();
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
char ch = s.charAt(i);
if (!position.containsKey(ch)) {
position.put(ch, i);
queue.offer(new Pair(ch, i));
} else {
position.put(ch, -1);
while (!queue.isEmpty() && position.get(queue.peek().ch) == -1) {
queue.poll();
}
}
}
return queue.isEmpty() ? -1 : queue.poll().pos;
}

class Pair {
char ch;
int pos;

Pair(char ch, int pos) {
this.ch = ch;
this.pos = pos;
}
}
}